History of Magazines in Kenya

level OF MAGAZINES IN KENYA snip publishers atomic number 18 a social class of affect media that are printed periodic anyy for a specific group of concourse with a common interest. cartridge publisher publishing started way stern in the 1660s with Erbauliche Monaths-Unterredungen (Edifying Monthly Discussions) beingness the scratch line clipping to be publish in Germany and in the world as a whole. This was in the year 1663. However, the beside mag that followed was much different than the first. The human races Magazine promulgated in1731 in England include more entertain reachforcet in form of essays, stories, poems and political com mentary.Magazines past see to ited interchangeable allows, printed in black and white. They were merely a channel where lit erate men passed on their points in the above mentioned forms of entertainment. In 1739, The Scottish Magazine was published and is still published up to date though as a effortless business newspaper . In the year 1741, the first clipping in America was published and named American Magazine just three days ahead Benjamin Franklins General Magazine was published. Several times were then established until in 1933 when the first mens time, Esquire was published.This was the informant of special-interest magazines. Further on into the 1950s to 1970s, magazines were comprehensive of models gracing their covers. Magazines in Kenya started publishing way back in the 1970s. An example of a magazine published then is Joe Magazine which was founded by Hilary Ngweno, the publisher and Terry Hirst, the artist. This magazine was full of humour, spendd art and allegory to narrate cultural, political and social aspects of daily Kenya living. It target was the urban residents but by and by Ngweno left in 1974, Hirst tested changing it to include the rural residents as well.However, it lost market and shut flock in 1979. Ngweno however did non end his publishing career in that respec t. He did some other publishing whole kit and boodle much(prenominal) as Weekly Review, which nurtured of the essence(predicate) personalities such as Hanningtone Gaya. In this era of modernity, magazines are grouped into three * Consumer magazines these are sold by subscription and at newsstands, in bookstores and supermarkets. * Industrial, company, and sponsored magazines are produced by companies specifically for their employees, customers and stockholders and by clubs and associations for their members. Trade, professional, and business magazines slobber stories, features and ads aimed at good deal in specific professions and are each distributed by the professional organizations themselves or by media companies. (Baran) A lot of magazines build come ab bring out up in Kenya in this century. These are such as the first mens magazine in Kenya and easternmost Africa neckn as HM (His Magazine) which is produced by Media sevensome mathematical group(Kenya) Limited. This magazine basically aims for men in between 21-40 years of grow and it is all about knowledge and insights men could grasp to better their relationships.Media Seven Group in ilk manner produces Her Magazine, Monthly Motor, Mum and Dad, juvenile Life, business organization Monthly and G Magazine. former(a) magazines in Kenya are such as Samanthas acceptation Weddings Magazine, Passion, Pregnant, True Love, Parents (possibly the oldest magazine), The Insyder, Tupike, and beauty parlor among others. SAMANTHAS BRIDAL WEDDINGS MAGAZINE Samanthas acceptance Weddings Magazine is a consumer magazine that is based on weddings and acts as a guide for people planning their weddings. It was started in 2005 by Dr. Catherine Masitsa.The inspiration to begin Samanthas Bridal Weddings Magazine came from Going Out, a magazine that talked about interesting sites in Kenya. Dr. Catherine Masitsa saw the need for an indata formattingive magazine on weddings and all that is manifold and thereof Samanthas Bridal Wedding Magazine. However, at a time after Going Out ended, she ventured into Business Woman, other magazine and later Samanthas Bridal. Samanthas Bridal Weddings Magazine is the first Kenyan wedding magazine and is named so after Dr. Catherine Masitsas mother and beca give it is girly and has a soft touch to it.PERSONNEL People involved in production of Samanthas Bridal Magazine are editor at large (Catherine Masitsa), sub editor (Christabel Ododa), germinal director, contributors, printers, publicise gross sales executive, advertising sales coordinator, distributors, photographers, models, make-up artists and declarers. PROCESS AND PERSONNEL ROLES This magazines production technically has quaternion stages. Stage one is re hunt club. The editorial team up comes up with a blueprint which is the more or less outline of what the magazines should look like.The Blueprint has the contents, how both rapscallion should look like, what should be included and w ho needs what for the magazine to come up. The editors look for material to bring out about in connection with the theme, enter contractual agreements with the models and photographers and research for venues to build up the magazine. The editor is also involved in copyrighting which basically involves plan of attack up with the words of the theme. In the a la mode(p) issue of Samanthas Bridal the theme was Dress trends, the writers thus had to look for something to write on dresses.The next stage is the inclination stage. In this stage is where the sub editor puts together the articles, arranges the articles and puts words in the advertisements. The arrive at is then send to the designer who lays out the tempo and the photos to come up with an accredited layout. After the designer has do his work its back to the editor for proof instruction then to the designer again to pay back the artwork for print in PDF format in cd form to mail to local printers and in transfer buck protocol to send to international printers. The third base stage is create.The printer makes digital print outs of final look of the magazine which is direct back to the office for thanksgiving by the chief editor who has to sign every page. The digital print outs are called proofs. at one time the proofs are approved they are send back to the printers then final produce begins. This process of printing begins when artwork is electronically transformed into a film which is then checked and transformed to the printing plate. The printing plates are then mounted on the web off- luck printer which transfers the artwork on paper.Color separation on the cover is done through a process of colour in, CYMK. This is cyan, yellow, magenta and black. The pages are mixed with these colors to punctuate between pictures and words. Printing starts with the light colors first and onto the dark colors. The machine sorts the papers from the first to last, binds the magazine and trims it int o the size of that contingent magazine. The last stage the distribution of the magazine. Samantha Bridal Magazine uses PDS to distribute their magazine to all their advert clients and to supermarkets all over Kenya.Samanthas Bridal Magazine produces 10,000 copies each exchange at 495 Kenyan shillings. TREND reposition * Comparing magazines today and those in the past, there is evidence of a big remnant embraced by the magazine industry. * There is use of more graphics and colored images to change and liven up the magazines. * Magazine publishers have ventured into the internet to meet the competition constitute by other forms of media. * Publishers now are focused on concentrating on their delimit audiences rather than the whole multitude. ETHICS either magazine has a house agency that makes it unique and distinct.A house musical mode is the set of standards for the writing and design of an organization. House style identifies a particular company. This is seen in the cas ing size, flow of articles, number of pages, size and layout of magazine. The magazine Industry is very cautious in terms of confidentiality and ethics. This is so in that, when a company expects an advertisement design make for them by the designer it has to be sent back to the company for its applause. The proof is another example of cautiousness where every page has to be signed to show approval before the printer can go ahead.When a venue for taking photos is elect the owners of the place have to approve the use of their place as well. Apart from approval by the concerned, magazines rarely face good dilemmas in terms of what they write about. This is because, they do not write on satisfying life stories apart from events that have occurred such as parties or dinners. FUNDS Advertisements are what keep a magazine running. Samanthas Bridal Weddings Magazine has a sales team whose main work is to root for people who want advertisements. The team approaches agencies like Scan g roup to get companies to advertise with them.A full page advert monetary value 185,000 and this is basically how a magazine makes money. organisation BODIES AND REGULATORS Government it offers licenses to the publishing company of the magazine. For instance, Samantha bridals magazine is licensed to produce the magazine and nervous strain the TV show. Editorial style book it governs how the magazine will look like. It is an organizational book that determines the layout of the magazine. THEORY APPLICATION consort to Baran, Social Cognitive Theory states that people learn through observation- and applying it to mass media.We either imitate what we see or divulge with it. When women look through the magazine, others get ideas of how they would want their weddings to be (imitation) while those who are already married appreciate what they see since they know the feeling (identification). CHALLENGES According to Hanningtone Gaya, publisher of the Media Seven Group magazines, these ar e the challenges magazine publishers in Kenya face * Kenyan advertisers do not believe in advertising in magazines, thusly there is no advertising revenue to sustain magazine publishing. Kenyans do not like reading books or magazines, which undermines magazine circulation and subscription. * Most magazine publishers carry very shallow articles which are not well researched. * The magazines appear periodically and therefore disappointing to loyal readers, subscribers and advertisers. * The high be of printing and poor quality in color printing is a major(ip) disadvantage in Kenya. http//www. gvpedia. com/Kenya/Hanningtone-Gaya-Top-Magazines-Publisher. aspx REFERENCES www. amanthasbridal. co. ke Stanley Murage- Creative Director, Samanthas Bridal (0720316292) http//www. infoplease. com/ipea/A0154485. htmlixzz1bQvU4EoQ http//www. media7group. com/component/search/magazines%2Bhistory/%252F? ordering=&searchphrase=all http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Joe_%28magazine%29 http//www. gvped ia. com/Kenya/Hanningtone-Gaya-Top-Magazines-Publisher. aspx Baran S. J. , (2010), Introduction to Mass Communication. Media Literacy and Culture, 6th Ed. , McGraw-Hill Companies Inc.